The Logistics Matters podcast: American Logistics Aid Network's Kathy Fulton | Season 1 Episode 3
How logistics and supply chain companies are helping out during the Covid-19 crisis; resources available to logistics businesses to help deal with the virus; the coronavirus impacts suppliers worldwide; freight-matching platforms aim to help with Covid-related capacity issues.
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Transcript
Kathy Fulton of the American Logistics Aid Network
David Maloney, Editorial Director, DC Velocity: 0:00 The supply chain industry responds to the challenges of Covid-19. Digital freight-matching platforms steer shippers to find carriers of choice. And estimates show that more supply chain disruptions are on the way. Pull up a chair and join us as the editors of DC Velocity discuss these stories, as well as news and supply chain trends, on this week's Logistics Matters podcast. Hi, I'm Dave Maloney. I'm the editorial director of DC Velocity. Welcome. Logistics Matters is sponsored by Fortna. Fortna partners with the world's leading brands to transform their distribution operations to keep pace with digital disruption and growth objectives. Known worldwide as the distribution experts, Fortna designs and delivers intelligent solutions powered by their proprietary software to optimize fast, accurate, and cost-effective order fulfillment. For more information, visit Fortna.com As usual, Senior News Editor Ben Ames and Senior Editor Victoria Kickham will join us to provide their insight into the top stories of this week. But before we get to Ben and Victoria, allow me to first introduce our guest today. Our good friend Kathy Fulton is the executive director of the American [Logistics Aid] Network, better known in the industry as ALAN. Kathy's expertise is at the intersection of supply chain and emergency management. She concentrates on the critical role that supply chain professionals play in disaster relief. Kathy, welcome to Logistics Matters. It's great to have you with us. For those who are not familiar with ALAN, can you briefly share about the role of this great organization?
Kathy Fulton, Executive Director, American Logistics Aid Network: 1:34 Yeah, thanks. Thank you. So ALAN is really here to leverage the skills, resources, and knowledge of logistics and supply chain professionals--specifically, the complex challenges that occur during disaster. So we bring, you know, across sectors, together, it's businesses and nonprofits and government entities, really to collaborate. And we're helping to provide information and services to the people who are really affected by a particular crisis, get the nourishment and the hydration, and the medical care that they need.
David Maloney, Editorial Director, DC Velocity: 2:10 And this was really a grassroots effort that started with the logistics community realizing that there was a great need. I believe it was after Hurricane Katrina, correct?
Kathy Fulton, Executive Director, American Logistics Aid Network: 2:20 That's right. Way back in 2005. This is our 15-year anniversary this year. Wow, what a way to remember our founding, by dealing with the things that we're dealing with early in 2020.
David Maloney, Editorial Director, DC Velocity: 2:35 Yeah, that's for sure. It's a great organization, and we're happy to have been a part, in support of it, as well, over the years. Now, normally your work deals with specific disaster areas--a hurricane here, an earthquake there, that sort of thing. But with Covid-19, the entire world is facing a disaster and needs that are really unprecedented. How is this different from what you're used to?
Kathy Fulton, Executive Director, American Logistics Aid Network: 2:59 Yeah. So, I mean, we've been monitoring this since way back in mid- to late January, when China went into their lockdown mode, and really looking at what the supply chain's ripple effects were going to be. Now, at that time, we had hoped that we wouldn't be dealing with the consequences of the virus in the U.S. the way that we are now. Unfortunately, that changed. So, now we're dealing with this global pandemic, and we're really dealing with the virus and the things that have happened because of the virus--the complications, the deaths, the surge in grocery demand--all of these things that have been causedbecause of the virus. But we're also dealing with policy decisions that are really disrupting the nature of the way supply chains operate. Whether it's the policy decisions to close, to shelter in place, or to close down certain rest areas, those things can really inhibit the volume and velocity of freight that's able to be moved. You know, we're looking at huge demand spikes on the grocery side, right? Huge challenges with food banks being able to get what they need. And at the same time, we have these so-called non-essential industries that are shuttered, this big disparity in freight markets right now. We're looking at all of those things in addition to working with on our nonprofits, who are in desperate need of logistics activities to fulfill their missions right now.
David Maloney, Editorial Director, DC Velocity: 4:43 So what ways are the logistics community coming together, then, to help to alleviate some of the concerns and problems that take place in supply chain right now?
Kathy Fulton, Executive Director, American Logistics Aid Network: 4:53 Yeah, so--you know, I'm so excited about a couple of different things that we see happening. Number one, the logistics community just continues to step up. We have organizations who have donated supplies like boxes or donated transportation, or donated containers so that organizations who are standing up mobile field hospitals, organizations who are packing boxes full of food, they are getting what they need because of the generosity of the logistics and supply chain community. The other thing that we're seeing is, all of the logistics and supply chain associations are gathering weekly to talk about common problems. They are, they're very focused on supporting their members with the problems that their members of dealing with, right? So it's things like, how do you get access to personal protective equipment? Where do you find hand sanitizer? How do you navigate all of these different policies? What are the best practices? So there's really this unity that we're seeing in supply chains right now, and that's a really kind of cool thing to see happening.
David Maloney, Editorial Director, DC Velocity: 6:11 Obviously, for that to happen, you have to have a lot of coordination and collaboration and cooperation. Are you seeing that both with the membership as well as the federal agencies and others that you work with, in state agencies?
Kathy Fulton, Executive Director, American Logistics Aid Network: 6:25 Yes. So there is communication, coordination, collaboration, cooperation. Our nonprofit partners call those the four Cs, right? So it is happening, especially within the industry. But also, you know, there are forums with which government and business can talk. So there are daily calls, either with the Cyber Security and Infrastructure Security Agency, or CISA, which is the DHS [Department of Homeland Security] private-sector integration component, or with FEMA's [Federal Emergency Management Agency's] National Business Emergency Operations Center. So they alternate calls every day. And that's a forum for businesses to engage. We also are helping support the coordination activities, right? So if people are coming to us with questions, we can help source the answers to that. People are coming to us with problems. You know, we can help them find a resource to solve whatever that particular concern may be.
David Maloney, Editorial Director, DC Velocity: 7:29 We talked about this last week on the Logistics Matters podcast, that supply chain in general is finally being noticed. People realize the importance of the supply chain and the work that we do. And I can imagine that that's also, it's something that other people in the industry and business and in government are realizing now as well, right?
Kathy Fulton, Executive Director, American Logistics Aid Network: 7:51 Yeah. You know, the number of times that I have heard the term supply chain, or I've heard people talk about, you know, "Thank a trucker," or "Thank a warehouse worker" or "Thank a dockworker," just throughout this crisis, I think people finally are starting to understand that you can't just go to the grocery store or the pantry shelf and pull something off of it if it wasn't delivered there, and understanding what that means, all the way back to the food manufacturing facilities, the food production facilities. There's so much in the news about those production facilities right now, and the impact that the virus is having on their workforce. So, supply chain, farm to fork, right now is really, I think, starting to be understood.
David Maloney, Editorial Director, DC Velocity: 8:44 And if we could just get the amount of toilet paper we need out there, folks, I think, will be in pretty good shape going forward. Kathy, I wish we had time to talk to you more in detail on this. For those of you would like more information on the good work that's done by the American [Logistics Aid ] Network, please visit Alanaid.org. That's A-L-A-N-A-I-D dot org. Now let's turn to our news editors. Ben Ames and Victoria Kickham to talk about some of the stories and trends that we've seen emerge this past week. Victoria, you've seen estimates on how the global supply chain disruptions we've already seen and experienced could actually double in May. Could you share more of what you've seen?
Victoria Kickham, Senior Editor, DC Velocity: 9:23 Sure, absolutely. I was listening in on a webcast yesterday by Resilinc, which is a supply chain software and risk-management, risk-monitoring group. And they have been monitoring the current virus outbreak in China since mid-December, and they say what they're seeing is about a 400% growth in the number of supplier impacts per month globally. Now, those are supplier sites around the world. They monitor data from more than, its like tens of thousands of companies and public entities, and they track disruptions to supplier sites, as I said, globally. And what they're seeing is just a regular study increase. And they say that it shows no signs of slowing down globally.
David Maloney, Editorial Director, DC Velocity: 10:06 And, Ben, you reported this week, too, on how several freight, digital freight-matching companies are helping shippers during the Covid-19 crisis. Can you share more about that?
Ben Ames, Senior News Editor, DC Velocity: 10:16 Yeah, of course. And it really echoes some of what Kathy Fulton was saying about the disruption that we're seeing in the freight markets between some of the non-essential industries and the others that are seeing an enormous rush. There's really a disparity there. Some certain fleets and some certain sectors are practically idle and others are running at almost Christmas peak now, so it's part of a response to that, what we're seeing. As Kathy had also mentioned that's really, different sectors of the supply chain are stepping up and really using some of the tools that they have in new ways. In this case, just on Monday, there's a digital freight marketplace that's called Transfix. It matches loads and carriers. And they launched a program that singles out their most exceptional carriers and steers more loads to them. How Transfix determines an exceptional carrier, is those with the best scores on things like high load volume and acceptance rate and low cancellation rates, and on-time delivery, and a lot of those metrics that you see around the industry. So it was really interesting in their efforts, to try to equalize some of the big disruptions that we're seeing. And it really, it followed another effort, similarly, by Convoy, which is another online brokerage, which just last week made a similar move to provide a lot more metrics on how carriers are operating.
David Maloney, Editorial Director, DC Velocity: 11:49 And in time of crisis, it's important to be able to get that load from one place to another as quickly as you can. Ben, we also want to remind listeners of some of the great Covid-19 related resources on DCVelocity.com. Can you talk a little bit about that?
Ben Ames, Senior News Editor, DC Velocity: 12:04 Of course. As we talk with people throughout the industry, our in boxes have been full, our voicemail has been full of so many examples of ways in which the supply chain and logistics-sector folks are stepping up in this time. So we've been writing a daily collection of those and rounding up some of the really impressive examples that we see. So, most every day if you click on the DCV dot com, you're going to see a roundup story that shows some of those efforts. And we have a landing page that collects all of our Covid-19 coverage that's on the DCV home page. In addition, we have also compiled a list of specific links to industry sites that really gives a specified look at how the virus crisis is impacting the logistics sector, particularly. There's so much general information out there that we all hear, but we've tried to really funnel it down to the impact on the sector that we all work in here. And so that's another specific page on our home page.
David Maloney, Editorial Director, DC Velocity: 13:09 To find that landing page, just look at the top lefthand corner where it says Covid-19 and click on that to get to all the stories and coverage that we've done. We also have a direct link that you can get to the resources that Ben had just mentioned. That's DCVelocity.com/covid19resources. That'll get you directly to all those things in the supply chain that could be helpful to you in moving your freight or getting things that you need to have done to keep your businesses operating. Thanks Ben and Victoria for sharing the highlights of the news this week. And again, our special thanks go out to Kathy Fulton of the American [Logistics Aid] Network for sharing with us today the good work that they do. If you'd like more information on the stories we discussed today on Logistics Matters, be sure to check out DCVelocity.com for details. And we also encourage you to provide any comments or feedback that you'd like to make on a new podcast by emailing us at podcast@dcvelocity.com. And a reminder that Logistics Matters is sponsored by Fortna. Fortna partners with the world's top brands to transform distribution operations into competitive advantage. Expertise includes distribution strategy, DC operations, micro-fulfillment, automation, and intelligence software. Distribution solutions designed today for tomorrow's challenges. Learn more about the distribution experts at Fortna.com. We'll be back again next week with another edition of Logistics Matters. Please stay safe in the meantime, and we'll see you then.
Most of the apparel sold in North America is manufactured in Asia, meaning the finished goods travel long distances to reach end markets, with all the associated greenhouse gas emissions. On top of that, apparel manufacturing itself requires a significant amount of energy, water, and raw materials like cotton. Overall, the production of apparel is responsible for about 2% of the world’s total greenhouse gas emissions, according to a report titled
Taking Stock of Progress Against the Roadmap to Net Zeroby the Apparel Impact Institute. Founded in 2017, the Apparel Impact Institute is an organization dedicated to identifying, funding, and then scaling solutions aimed at reducing the carbon emissions and other environmental impacts of the apparel and textile industries.
The author of this annual study is researcher and consultant Michael Sadowski. He wrote the first report in 2021 as well as the latest edition, which was released earlier this year. Sadowski, who is also executive director of the environmental nonprofit
The Circulate Initiative, recently joined DC Velocity Group Editorial Director David Maloney on an episode of the “Logistics Matters” podcast to discuss the key findings of the research, what companies are doing to reduce emissions, and the progress they’ve made since the first report was issued.
A: While companies in the apparel industry can set their own sustainability targets, we realized there was a need to give them a blueprint for actually reducing emissions. And so, we produced the first report back in 2021, where we laid out the emissions from the sector, based on the best estimates [we could make using] data from various sources. It gives companies and the sector a blueprint for what we collectively need to do to drive toward the ambitious reduction [target] of staying within a 1.5 degrees Celsius pathway. That was the first report, and then we committed to refresh the analysis on an annual basis. The second report was published last year, and the third report came out in May of this year.
Q: What were some of the key findings of your research?
A: We found that about half of the emissions in the sector come from Tier Two, which is essentially textile production. That includes the knitting, weaving, dyeing, and finishing of fabric, which together account for over half of the total emissions. That was a really important finding, and it allows us to focus our attention on the interventions that can drive those emissions down.
Raw material production accounts for another quarter of emissions. That includes cotton farming, extracting gas and oil from the ground to make synthetics, and things like that. So we now have a really keen understanding of the source of our industry’s emissions.
Q: Your report mentions that the apparel industry is responsible for about 2% of global emissions. Is that an accurate statistic?
A: That’s our best estimate of the total emissions [generated by] the apparel sector. Some other reports on the industry have apparel at up to 8% of global emissions. And there is a commonly misquoted number in the media that it’s 10%. From my perspective, I think the best estimate is somewhere under 2%.
We know that globally, humankind needs to reduce emissions by roughly half by 2030 and reach net zero by 2050 to hit international goals. [Reaching that target will require the involvement of] every facet of the global economy and every aspect of the apparel sector—transportation, material production, manufacturing, cotton farming. Through our work and that of others, I think the apparel sector understands what has to happen. We have highlighted examples of how companies are taking action to reduce emissions in the roadmap reports.
Q: What are some of those actions the industry can take to reduce emissions?
A: I think one of the positive developments since we wrote the first report is that we’re seeing companies really focus on the most impactful areas. We see companies diving deep on thermal energy, for example. With respect to Tier Two, we [focus] a lot of attention on things like ocean freight versus air. There’s a rule of thumb I’ve heard that indicates air freight is about 10 times the cost [of ocean] and also produces 10 times more greenhouse gas emissions.
There is money available to invest in sustainability efforts. It’s really exciting to see the funding that’s coming through for AI [artificial intelligence] and to see that individual companies, such as H&M and Lululemon, are investing in real solutions in their supply chains. I think a lot of concrete actions are being taken.
And yet we know that reducing emissions by half on an absolute basis by 2030 is a monumental undertaking. So I don’t want to be overly optimistic, because I think we have a lot of work to do. But I do think we’ve got some amazing progress happening.
Q: You mentioned several companies that are starting to address their emissions. Is that a result of their being more aware of the emissions they generate? Have you seen progress made since the first report came out in 2021?
A: Yes. When we published the first roadmap back in 2021, our statistics showed that only about 12 companies had met the criteria [for setting] science-based targets. In 2024, the number of apparel, textile, and footwear companies that have set targets or have commitments to set targets is close to 500. It’s an enormous increase. I think they see the urgency more than other sectors do.
We have companies that have been working at sustainability for quite a long time. I think the apparel sector has developed a keen understanding of the impacts of climate change. You can see the impacts of flooding, drought, heat, and other things happening in places like Bangladesh and Pakistan and India. If you’re a brand or a manufacturer and you have operations and supply chains in these places, I think you understand what the future will look like if we don’t significantly reduce emissions.
Q: There are different categories of emission levels, depending on the role within the supply chain. Scope 1 are “direct” emissions under the reporting company’s control. For apparel, this might be the production of raw materials or the manufacturing of the finished product. Scope 2 covers “indirect” emissions from purchased energy, such as electricity used in these processes. Scope 3 emissions are harder to track, as they include emissions from supply chain partners both upstream and downstream.
Now companies are finding there are legislative efforts around the world that could soon require them to track and report on all these emissions, including emissions produced by their partners’ supply chains. Does this mean that companies now need to be more aware of not only what greenhouse gas emissions they produce, but also what their partners produce?
A: That’s right. Just to put this into context, if you’re a brand like an Adidas or a Gap, you still have to consider the Scope 3 emissions. In particular, there are the so-called “purchased goods and services,” which refers to all of the embedded emissions in your products, from farming cotton to knitting yarn to making fabric. Those “purchased goods and services” generally account for well above 80% of the total emissions associated with a product. It’s by far the most significant portion of your emissions.
Leading companies have begun measuring and taking action on Scope 3 emissions because of regulatory developments in Europe and, to some extent now, in California. I do think this is just a further tailwind for the work that the industry is doing.
I also think it will definitely ratchet up the quality requirements of Scope 3 data, which is not yet where we’d all like it to be. Companies are working to improve that data, but I think the regulatory push will make the quality side increasingly important.
Q: Overall, do you think the work being done by the Apparel Impact Institute will help reduce greenhouse gas emissions within the industry?
A: When we started this back in 2020, we were at a place where companies were setting targets and knew their intended destination, but what they needed was a blueprint for how to get there. And so, the roadmap [provided] this blueprint and identified six key things that the sector needed to do—from using more sustainable materials to deploying renewable electricity in the supply chain.
Decarbonizing any sector, whether it’s transportation, chemicals, or automotive, requires investment. The Apparel Impact Institute is bringing collective investment, which is so critical. I’m really optimistic about what they’re doing. They have taken a data-driven, evidence-based approach, so they know where the emissions are and they know what the needed interventions are. And they’ve got the industry behind them in doing that.
The global air cargo market’s hot summer of double-digit demand growth continued in August with average spot rates showing their largest year-on-year jump with a 24% increase, according to the latest weekly analysis by Xeneta.
Xeneta cited two reasons to explain the increase. First, Global average air cargo spot rates reached $2.68 per kg in August due to continuing supply and demand imbalance. That came as August's global cargo supply grew at its slowest ratio in 2024 to-date at 2% year-on-year, while global cargo demand continued its double-digit growth, rising +11%.
The second reason for higher rates was an ocean-to-air shift in freight volumes due to Red Sea disruptions and e-commerce demand.
Those factors could soon be amplified as e-commerce shows continued strong growth approaching the hotly anticipated winter peak season. E-commerce and low-value goods exports from China in the first seven months of 2024 increased 30% year-on-year, including shipments to Europe and the US rising 38% and 30% growth respectively, Xeneta said.
“Typically, air cargo market performance in August tends to follow the July trend. But another month of double-digit demand growth and the strongest rate growths of the year means there was definitely no summer slack season in 2024,” Niall van de Wouw, Xeneta’s chief airfreight officer, said in a release.
“Rates we saw bottoming out in late July started picking up again in mid-August. This is too short a period to call a season. This has been a busy summer, and now we’re at the threshold of Q4, it will be interesting to see what will happen and if all the anticipation of a red-hot peak season materializes,” van de Wouw said.
The report cites data showing that there are approximately 1.7 million workers missing from the post-pandemic workforce and that 38% of small firms are unable to fill open positions. At the same time, the “skills gap” in the workforce is accelerating as automation and AI create significant shifts in how work is performed.
That information comes from the “2024 Labor Day Report” released by Littler’s Workplace Policy Institute (WPI), the firm’s government relations and public policy arm.
“We continue to see a labor shortage and an urgent need to upskill the current workforce to adapt to the new world of work,” said Michael Lotito, Littler shareholder and co-chair of WPI. “As corporate executives and business leaders look to the future, they are focused on realizing the many benefits of AI to streamline operations and guide strategic decision-making, while cultivating a talent pipeline that can support this growth.”
But while the need is clear, solutions may be complicated by public policy changes such as the upcoming U.S. general election and the proliferation of employment-related legislation at the state and local levels amid Congressional gridlock.
“We are heading into a contentious election that has already proven to be unpredictable and is poised to create even more uncertainty for employers, no matter the outcome,” Shannon Meade, WPI’s executive director, said in a release. “At the same time, the growing patchwork of state and local requirements across the U.S. is exacerbating compliance challenges for companies. That, coupled with looming changes following several Supreme Court decisions that have the potential to upend rulemaking, gives C-suite executives much to contend with in planning their workforce-related strategies.”
Stax Engineering, the venture-backed startup that provides smokestack emissions reduction services for maritime ships, will service all vessels from Toyota Motor North America Inc. visiting the Toyota Berth at the Port of Long Beach, according to a new five-year deal announced today.
Beginning in 2025 to coincide with new California Air Resources Board (CARB) standards, STAX will become the first and only emissions control provider to service roll-on/roll-off (ro-ros) vessels in the state of California, the company said.
Stax has rapidly grown since its launch in the first quarter of this year, supported in part by a $40 million funding round from investors, announced in July. It now holds exclusive service agreements at California ports including Los Angeles, Long Beach, Hueneme, Benicia, Richmond, and Oakland. The firm has also partnered with individual companies like NYK Line, Hyundai GLOVIS, Equilon Enterprises LLC d/b/a Shell Oil Products US (Shell), and now Toyota.
Stax says it offers an alternative to shore power with land- and barge-based, mobile emissions capture and control technology for shipping terminal and fleet operators without the need for retrofits.
In the case of this latest deal, the Toyota Long Beach Vehicle Distribution Center imports about 200,000 vehicles each year on ro-ro vessels. Stax will keep those ships green with its flexible exhaust capture system, which attaches to all vessel classes without modification to remove 99% of emitted particulate matter (PM) and 95% of emitted oxides of nitrogen (NOx). Over the lifetime of this new agreement with Toyota, Stax estimated the service will account for approximately 3,700 hours and more than 47 tons of emissions controlled.
“We set out to provide an emissions capture and control solution that was reliable, easily accessible, and cost-effective. As we begin to service Toyota, we’re confident that we can meet the needs of the full breadth of the maritime industry, furthering our impact on the local air quality, public health, and environment,” Mike Walker, CEO of Stax, said in a release. “Continuing to establish strong partnerships will help build momentum for and trust in our technology as we expand beyond the state of California.”
That result showed that driver wages across the industry continue to increase post-pandemic, despite a challenging freight market for motor carriers. The data comes from ATA’s “Driver Compensation Study,” which asked 120 fleets, more than 150,000 employee drivers, and 14,000 independent contractors about their wage and benefit information.
Drilling into specific categories, linehaul less-than-truckload (LTL) drivers earned a median annual amount of $94,525 in 2023, while local LTL drivers earned a median of $80,680. The median annual compensation for drivers at private carriers has risen 12% since 2021, reaching $95,114 in 2023. And leased-on independent contractors for truckload carriers were paid an annual median amount of $186,016 in 2023.
The results also showed how the demographics of the industry are changing, as carriers offered smaller referral and fewer sign-on bonuses for new drivers in 2023 compared to 2021 but more frequently offered tenure bonuses to their current drivers and with a greater median value.
"While our last study, conducted in 2021, illustrated how drivers benefitted from the strongest freight environment in a generation, this latest report shows professional drivers' earnings are still rising—even in a weaker freight economy," ATA Chief Economist Bob Costello said in a release. "By offering greater tenure bonuses to their current driver force, many fleets appear to be shifting their workforce priorities from recruitment to retention."