In our continuing series of discussions with top supply chain company executives, Brett Wood of Toyota discusses the steady growth in the use of forklifts, and changes and acquisitions by his company.
David Maloney has been a journalist for more than 35 years and is currently the group editorial director for DC Velocity and Supply Chain Quarterly magazines. In this role, he is responsible for the editorial content of both brands of Agile Business Media. Dave joined DC Velocity in April of 2004. Prior to that, he was a senior editor for Modern Materials Handling magazine. Dave also has extensive experience as a broadcast journalist. Before writing for supply chain publications, he was a journalist, television producer and director in Pittsburgh. Dave combines a background of reporting on logistics with his video production experience to bring new opportunities to DC Velocity readers, including web videos highlighting top distribution and logistics facilities, webcasts and other cross-media projects. He continues to live and work in the Pittsburgh area.
Brett Wood is president and CEO of Toyota Material Handling North America (TMHNA), which is composed of three main companies: Toyota Material Handling U.S.A. Inc. (TMHU), Toyota Industrial Equipment Mfg. Inc., and The Raymond Corp. Wood also serves on the board of these three companies. He has worked in the material handling industry since 1989, previously serving in positions at Toyota that included TMHU president; vice president of marketing, product, strategic planning, and training operations; and dealer development. Prior to joining Toyota, Wood held engineering positions with IBM Corp. and Northrop Aerospace, where he earned the recognition of "Engineer of the Year." He has a bachelor's degree in mechanical engineering from Cornell University. He recently spoke with DC Velocity Editorial Director David Maloney.
Q: How do you view the current state of the material handling industry?
A: Simply stated, it's a great time to be in the material handling industry. During the last few years, manufacturers have enjoyed record volumes. Dealers have experienced record sales. New suppliers and partnerships are being forged continuously. Exciting technology is being introduced into our industry every day. Material handling products and services are now extremely innovative and becoming more sophisticated. As a result, our customers are more productive than ever before.
I've worked in this industry for 30 years now, and it is changing faster than ever. I predict that in the next five years, the rate of innovation will be more than the changes we've seen in the last 10 years. As a former engineer, I can't wait to see how efficient North America's material handling industry will be by the year 2025. But even with significant advancements in our products, our industry will still be driven by the ever-changing demands of customers. Companies like Toyota and Raymond are having success by evolving quickly with changing customer expectations and a focus on keeping the customer at the center of their strategies.
Q: The Industrial Truck Association recently announced that forklift truck sales in North America recorded their fourth consecutive year of solid growth. To what do you attribute the ongoing strength of the forklift market?
A: The U.S. economy is currently fairly strong, and forklift sales are a reflection of a strong economy. Our industry is mixed, with an entirely different set of customer expectations and buying habits, resulting in diverse applications. For example, e-commerce and the expectation of next-day delivery for virtually everything has changed the way material is handled. This trend has increased the speed at which we need to pick, palletize, and move materials. Meanwhile, macroeconomic trends have brought some manufacturing back into North America from places like Asia and Europe. Bottom line, business is booming across many industries, and everyone is seeing a growing demand to handle material efficiently, and forklifts play an important role in that process. Remember that everything we own, touch, eat, or drink was probably moved by a forklift at some point in the supply chain process.
Q: You have an engineering background. It's rather unusual for an engineer to rise to be president and CEO of a large corporation. How do the skills you developed as an engineer benefit you as a leader?
A: In some companies, an engineering path is not a normal rise to the highest levels of leadership. But at Toyota, a process-driven and customer-focused company, an engineering mindset is very beneficial. Engineers are curious and creative problem-solvers. They see the big picture as well as the details. Engineers are tenacious and not inclined to pass the buck. Engineers value input from customers. These traits have all benefited me in my career, whether I was focused on engineering a product or managing the company's growth or setting our future strategic direction.
Also, Toyota is a very product-driven company, and I tell new hires to learn about our product lineup as quickly as possible. I find it very beneficial to be able to talk confidently about our products whether I'm at a press conference, in a hallway conversation, in a boardroom, in a staff meeting, or with a customer. Additionally, I've worked for some great leaders, both in the U.S. and from Japan, who have helped me develop my own leadership skills—which they don't teach you in engineering classes. And more than anything, I work for a company that values leadership, culture, and people, no matter what educational background they possess.
Q: Both Toyota and Raymond are very involved in National Forklift Safety Day. Why is this important to your organizations and the industry?
A: There is nothing more important to our companies than safety. We discuss it every day in our meetings, and it's at the core of what drives our team at all levels. So it's no surprise that Toyota was instrumental in creating and supporting National Forklift Safety Day, which will be held for the 6th consecutive year on June 11, 2019. It's a great opportunity to align the industry around something we all care about passionately and that is vitally important to all of our customers. Raising awareness of the importance of appropriate training is one of the main themes of National Forklift Safety Day. For example, effective forklift operator safety training may reduce accident rates by 25 percent, according to OSHA. Creating safe working environments is important to everyone in our industry.
Q: In January, Toyota announced a reorganization of its business units to form a single company to be known as Toyota Material Handling. How does this better position you in the marketplace?
A: The company is in the process of reorganizing throughout this year and will officially become Toyota Material Handling Inc. on Jan. 1, 2020. By bringing the manufacturing and engineering group (Toyota Industrial Equipment Manufacturing) together with the sales, marketing, and distribution group (Toyota Material Handling USA), we are simply better able to serve the needs of our dealers and customers. We will be able to streamline work processes throughout our organization. For example, our manufacturing and engineering teams will become even closer to our customers' unique needs. We're also able to align goals and priorities under one leadership team. And we're able to eliminate wasted time and energy in certain areas to move faster. It's a more efficient organization that will thrive even more together as one company, bringing one strong voice to our customers and our community.
Q: Toyota has been busy the past couple of years adding material handling companies outside of its core forklift business, like Vanderlande and Bastian Solutions. What are some of the reasons behind this strategy?
A: Customers require a wider variety of material handling solutions than they have in the past. Changing dynamics in the North American material handling market have created demand for new forms of logistics solutions beyond forklifts. We intend to build a stronger presence in the area of advanced logistics technology and to share that expertise with both our Toyota and Raymond brand forklift dealers. For the Toyota Advanced Logistics companies, there is a real need to find technicians to handle maintenance on conveyors, robotics, and other automation-related equipment. Toyota and Raymond employ thousands of technicians through our dealer networks, so that's also complementary for our businesses.
Finally, we're all developing new products, and many of them will be automated in the future. There is a benefit for all of us to accelerate and work together to develop some of these products. We are confident these acquisitions will result in greater customer support by working together than we could have accomplished individually.
Congestion on U.S. highways is costing the trucking industry big, according to research from the American Transportation Research Institute (ATRI), released today.
The group found that traffic congestion on U.S. highways added $108.8 billion in costs to the trucking industry in 2022, a record high. The information comes from ATRI’s Cost of Congestion study, which is part of the organization’s ongoing highway performance measurement research.
Total hours of congestion fell slightly compared to 2021 due to softening freight market conditions, but the cost of operating a truck increased at a much higher rate, according to the research. As a result, the overall cost of congestion increased by 15% year-over-year—a level equivalent to more than 430,000 commercial truck drivers sitting idle for one work year and an average cost of $7,588 for every registered combination truck.
The analysis also identified metropolitan delays and related impacts, showing that the top 10 most-congested states each experienced added costs of more than $8 billion. That list was led by Texas, at $9.17 billion in added costs; California, at $8.77 billion; and Florida, $8.44 billion. Rounding out the top 10 list were New York, Georgia, New Jersey, Illinois, Pennsylvania, Louisiana, and Tennessee. Combined, the top 10 states account for more than half of the trucking industry’s congestion costs nationwide—52%, according to the research.
The metro areas with the highest congestion costs include New York City, $6.68 billion; Miami, $3.2 billion; and Chicago, $3.14 billion.
ATRI’s analysis also found that the trucking industry wasted more than 6.4 billion gallons of diesel fuel in 2022 due to congestion, resulting in additional fuel costs of $32.1 billion.
ATRI used a combination of data sources, including its truck GPS database and Operational Costs study benchmarks, to calculate the impacts of trucking delays on major U.S. roadways.
There’s a photo from 1971 that John Kent, professor of supply chain management at the University of Arkansas, likes to show. It’s of a shaggy-haired 18-year-old named Glenn Cowan grinning at three-time world table tennis champion Zhuang Zedong, while holding a silk tapestry Zhuang had just given him. Cowan was a member of the U.S. table tennis team who participated in the 1971 World Table Tennis Championships in Nagoya, Japan. Story has it that one morning, he overslept and missed his bus to the tournament and had to hitch a ride with the Chinese national team and met and connected with Zhuang.
Cowan and Zhuang’s interaction led to an invitation for the U.S. team to visit China. At the time, the two countries were just beginning to emerge from a 20-year period of decidedly frosty relations, strict travel bans, and trade restrictions. The highly publicized trip signaled a willingness on both sides to renew relations and launched the term “pingpong diplomacy.”
Kent, who is a senior fellow at the George H. W. Bush Foundation for U.S.-China Relations, believes the photograph is a good reminder that some 50-odd years ago, the economies of the United States and China were not as tightly interwoven as they are today. At the time, the Nixon administration was looking to form closer political and economic ties between the two countries in hopes of reducing chances of future conflict (and to weaken alliances among Communist countries).
The signals coming out of Washington and Beijing are now, of course, much different than they were in the early 1970s. Instead of advocating for better relations, political rhetoric focuses on the need for the U.S. to “decouple” from China. Both Republicans and Democrats have warned that the U.S. economy is too dependent on goods manufactured in China. They see this dependency as a threat to economic strength, American jobs, supply chain resiliency, and national security.
Supply chain professionals, however, know that extricating ourselves from our reliance on Chinese manufacturing is easier said than done. Many pundits push for a “China + 1” strategy, where companies diversify their manufacturing and sourcing options beyond China. But in reality, that “plus one” is often a Chinese company operating in a different country or a non-Chinese manufacturer that is still heavily dependent on material or subcomponents made in China.
This is the problem when supply chain decisions are made on a global scale without input from supply chain professionals. In an article in the Arkansas Democrat-Gazette, Kent argues that, “The discussions on supply chains mainly take place between government officials who typically bring many other competing issues and agendas to the table. Corporate entities—the individuals and companies directly impacted by supply chains—tend to be under-represented in the conversation.”
Kent is a proponent of what he calls “supply chain diplomacy,” where experts from academia and industry from the U.S. and China work collaboratively to create better, more efficient global supply chains. Take, for example, the “Peace Beans” project that Kent is involved with. This project, jointly formed by Zhejiang University and the Bush China Foundation, proposes balancing supply chains by exporting soybeans from Arkansas to tofu producers in China’s Yunnan province, and, in return, importing coffee beans grown in Yunnan to coffee roasters in Arkansas. Kent believes the operation could even use the same transportation equipment.
The benefits of working collaboratively—instead of continuing to build friction in the supply chain through tariffs and adversarial relationships—are numerous, according to Kent and his colleagues. They believe it would be much better if the two major world economies worked together on issues like global inflation, climate change, and artificial intelligence.
And such relations could play a significant role in strengthening world peace, particularly in light of ongoing tensions over Taiwan. Because, as Kent writes, “The 19th-century idea that ‘When goods don’t cross borders, soldiers will’ is as true today as ever. Perhaps more so.”
Hyster-Yale Materials Handling today announced its plans to fulfill the domestic manufacturing requirements of the Build America, Buy America (BABA) Act for certain portions of its lineup of forklift trucks and container handling equipment.
That means the Greenville, North Carolina-based company now plans to expand its existing American manufacturing with a targeted set of high-capacity models, including electric options, that align with the needs of infrastructure projects subject to BABA requirements. The company’s plans include determining the optimal production location in the United States, strategically expanding sourcing agreements to meet local material requirements, and further developing electric power options for high-capacity equipment.
As a part of the 2021 Infrastructure Investment and Jobs Act, the BABA Act aims to increase the use of American-made materials in federally funded infrastructure projects across the U.S., Hyster-Yale says. It was enacted as part of a broader effort to boost domestic manufacturing and economic growth, and mandates that federal dollars allocated to infrastructure – such as roads, bridges, ports and public transit systems – must prioritize materials produced in the USA, including critical items like steel, iron and various construction materials.
Hyster-Yale’s footprint in the U.S. is spread across 10 locations, including three manufacturing facilities.
“Our leadership is fully invested in meeting the needs of businesses that require BABA-compliant material handling solutions,” Tony Salgado, Hyster-Yale’s chief operating officer, said in a release. “We are working to partner with our key domestic suppliers, as well as identifying how best to leverage our own American manufacturing footprint to deliver a competitive solution for our customers and stakeholders. But beyond mere compliance, and in line with the many areas of our business where we are evolving to better support our customers, our commitment remains steadfast. We are dedicated to delivering industry-leading standards in design, durability and performance — qualities that have become synonymous with our brands worldwide and that our customers have come to rely on and expect.”
In a separate move, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) also gave its approval for the state to advance its Heavy-Duty Omnibus Rule, which is crafted to significantly reduce smog-forming nitrogen oxide (NOx) emissions from new heavy-duty, diesel-powered trucks.
Both rules are intended to deliver health benefits to California citizens affected by vehicle pollution, according to the environmental group Earthjustice. If the state gets federal approval for the final steps to become law, the rules mean that cars on the road in California will largely be zero-emissions a generation from now in the 2050s, accounting for the average vehicle lifespan of vehicles with internal combustion engine (ICE) power sold before that 2035 date.
“This might read like checking a bureaucratic box, but EPA’s approval is a critical step forward in protecting our lungs from pollution and our wallets from the expenses of combustion fuels,” Paul Cort, director of Earthjustice’s Right To Zero campaign, said in a release. “The gradual shift in car sales to zero-emissions models will cut smog and household costs while growing California’s clean energy workforce. Cutting truck pollution will help clear our skies of smog. EPA should now approve the remaining authorization requests from California to allow the state to clean its air and protect its residents.”
However, the truck drivers' industry group Owner-Operator Independent Drivers Association (OOIDA) pushed back against the federal decision allowing the Omnibus Low-NOx rule to advance. "The Omnibus Low-NOx waiver for California calls into question the policymaking process under the Biden administration's EPA. Purposefully injecting uncertainty into a $588 billion American industry is bad for our economy and makes no meaningful progress towards purported environmental goals," (OOIDA) President Todd Spencer said in a release. "EPA's credibility outside of radical environmental circles would have been better served by working with regulated industries rather than ramming through last-minute special interest favors. We look forward to working with the Trump administration's EPA in good faith towards achievable environmental outcomes.”
Editor's note:This article was revised on December 18 to add reaction from OOIDA.
A Canadian startup that provides AI-powered logistics solutions has gained $5.5 million in seed funding to support its concept of creating a digital platform for global trade, according to Toronto-based Starboard.
The round was led by Eclipse, with participation from previous backers Garuda Ventures and Everywhere Ventures. The firm says it will use its new backing to expand its engineering team in Toronto and accelerate its AI-driven product development to simplify supply chain complexities.
According to Starboard, the logistics industry is under immense pressure to adapt to the growing complexity of global trade, which has hit recent hurdles such as the strike at U.S. east and gulf coast ports. That situation calls for innovative solutions to streamline operations and reduce costs for operators.
As a potential solution, Starboard offers its flagship product, which it defines as an AI-based transportation management system (TMS) and rate management system that helps mid-sized freight forwarders operate more efficiently and win more business. More broadly, Starboard says it is building the virtual infrastructure for global trade, allowing freight companies to leverage AI and machine learning to optimize operations such as processing shipments in real time, reconciling invoices, and following up on payments.
"This investment is a pivotal step in our mission to unlock the power of AI for our customers," said Sumeet Trehan, Co-Founder and CEO of Starboard. "Global trade has long been plagued by inefficiencies that drive up costs and reduce competitiveness. Our platform is designed to empower SMB freight forwarders—the backbone of more than $20 trillion in global trade and $1 trillion in logistics spend—with the tools they need to thrive in this complex ecosystem."